Partisipasi berasal dari bahasa latin yaitu “pars” yang artinya bagian dan “capere” yang artinya mengambil peranan dalam aktivitas atau kegiatan politik negara. Apabila digabungkan berarti “mengambil bagian”. Dalam bahasa inggris, partisipate atau participation berarti mengambil bagian atau peranan. Jadi partisipasi berarti mengambil peranan dalam aktivitas atau kegiatan politik negara (Suharno, 2004:102-103).
Ramlan Surbakti sebagaimana dikutip Cholisin (2012:150) memberikan definisi singkat mengenai partisipasi politik sebagai bentuk keikutsertaan warga negara biasa dalam menentukan segala keputusan yang menyangkut atau mempengaruhi hidupnya.
Keith Faulks (1999:133) memberikan definisi partisipasi politik sebagai keterlibatan secara aktif (the active engagement) dari individu atau kelompok ke dalam proses pemerintahan. Keterlibatan ini mencakup keterlibatan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan maupun berlaku oposisi terhadap pemerintah.
Herbert McClosky (1972: 252) memberikan definisi partisipasi politik sebagai kegiatan-kegiatan sukarela dari warga masyarakat melalui mana mereka mengambil bagian dalam proses pemilihan penguasa, dan secara langsung atau tidak langsung, dalam proses pembentukan kebijakan umum.
Partisipasi politik adalah kegiatan warga negara yang bertindak sebagai pribadi-pribadi, yang dimaksud untuk mempengaruhi pembuatan keputusan oleh Pemerintah. Partisipasi bisa bersifat individual atau kolektif, terorganisir atau spontan, mantap atau sporadis, secara damai atau dengan kekerasan, legal atau ilegal, efektif atau tidak efektif (Huntington et al., 1994:4).
Miriam Budiarjo (1998:9) mengartikan partisipasi politik sebagai kegiatan seseorang atau sekelompok orang untuk ikut secara aktif dalam kehidupan politik yaitu dengan jalan memilih pimpinan negara dan secara langsung atau tidak langsung mempengaruhi kebijakan pemerintah (public policy). Kegiatan ini mencakup pemberian suara lewat pemilihan umum, menghadiri rapat umum, menjadi anggota suatu partai atau kelompok kepentingan, mengadakan hubungan (contracting) dengan pejabat pemerintah atau anggota parlemen dan sebagainya.
Surbakti (1992: 180) mendefinisikan partisipasi politik ialah keikutsertaan warga negara biasa (yang tidak mempunyai kewenangan) dalam mempengaruhi proses pembuatan dan pelaksanaan keputusan politik.
Inu Kencana Syafiie (2003:42) menyatakan bahwa partisipasi politik rakyat dapat didefinisikan sebagai kegiatan warga Negara yang bertujuan untuk mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan oleh pemerintah.
Interpretasi peneliti :
Berdasarkan interpretasi dan sintesis dari berbagai pandangan para ahli yang telah dikemukakan, partisipasi politik dapat dipahami sebagai keikutsertaan aktif warga negara, baik secara individu maupun kolektif, dalam proses politik guna mempengaruhi pengambilan dan pelaksanaan keputusan yang menyangkut kepentingan publik.
Partisipasi ini dapat mengambil berbagai bentuk, mulai dari yang paling formal seperti memberikan suara dalam pemilu, menjadi anggota partai politik, hingga bentuk yang lebih informal seperti diskusi politik, protes, atau pengaruh melalui media sosial dan kelompok kepentingan.
Jadi dapat dikatakan (disimpulkan) bahwa partisipasi politik mencerminkan keterlibatan aktif warga negara dalam berbagai proses politik, dengan tujuan untuk memengaruhi arah kebijakan publik dan pengambilan keputusan oleh pemerintah, baik melalui saluran formal maupun informal.
Interpretasi peneliti dalam kaitan dengan demokrasi :
Dalam konteks demokrasi, partisipasi politik adalah perwujudan kedaulatan rakyat yangdilakukan melalui keterlibatan aktif warga negara dalam berbagai proses politik, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, guna memengaruhi pengambilan dan pelaksanaan kebijakan publik. Demokrasi tanpa partisipasi rakyat adalah formalisme belaka; partisipasi menjadikan demokrasi hidup, dinamis, dan bertanggung jawab.
Interpretasi peneliti dalam kaitan dengan kesadaran politik :
Sebagaimana definisi partisipasi politik di atas, dapat dikatakan bahwa partisipasi politik sangat erat kaitannya dengan kesadaran politik. Kesadaran politik menjadi fondasi utama yang mendorong warga negara untuk terlibat dalam proses politik. Tanpa adanya kesadaran tentang hak, peran, dan pentingnya kebijakan publik, partisipasi tidak akan tumbuh secara sehat dan berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, dalam sistem demokrasi, peningkatan kesadaran politik masyarakat merupakan langkah strategis untuk memperkuat partisipasi politik yang bermakna, konstruktif, dan bertanggung jawab.
Interpretasi peneliti dalam kaitan dengan komunikasi politik :
Partisipasi politik dan komunikasi politik adalah dua elemen yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam sistem politik yang demokratis. Komunikasi politik menjadi sarana utama bagi warga negara untuk menyampaikan aspirasi, memahami isu, memengaruhi keputusan, dan mengontrol kekuasaan. Tanpa komunikasi politik yang efektif, partisipasi akan kehilangan arah, legitimasi, dan daya dorongnya. Oleh karena itu, menciptakan iklim komunikasi politik yang terbuka, inklusif, dan informatif merupakan syarat penting bagi tumbuhnya partisipasi politik yang sehat dan berkelanjutan.
Interpretasi peneliti dalam kaitan dengan pemilu dan perilaku pemilih :
Pemilu merupakan manifestasi utama dari partisipasi politik dalam sistem demokrasi, sementara voting behavior mencerminkan kualitas dan motif partisipasi tersebut.
Tingkat partisipasi pemilih dan cara mereka membuat keputusan dalam memilih menunjukkan sejauh mana demokrasi berfungsi secara efektif. Oleh karena itu, meningkatkan kesadaran politik dan literasi pemilih sangat penting untuk menciptakan partisipasi yang rasional, bertanggung jawab, dan berorientasi pada kepentingan publik.
Daftar Pustaka (APSA) :
Budiardjo, Miriam. 1998. Partisipasi dan Partai Politik. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Cholisin. 2012. Dasar-dasar Ilmu Politik. Jakarta: Ombak.
Huntington, Samuel P. 1994. Partisipasi Politik di Negara Berkembang. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
McClosky, Herbert. 1972. Political Participation,”International. Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. New York: Macmillan Company.
Suharno. 2004. Diklat Kuliah Sosiologi Politik. Yogyakarta: UNY.
Surbakti, Ramlan. 1992. Memahami Ilmu Politik. Jakarta: Gramedia Widya Sarana.
Syafiie, Inu Kencana. 2003. Kepemimpinan Pemerintahan Indonesia. Bandung: Refika Aditama.
Link Download File dan Daftar Pustaka (input Zotero / Mendeley) :
OMT’ѕ interactive tests gamify knowing, mаking
mathematics addicting foг Singapore pupils and
inspiring them tο push fоr exceptional examination qualities.
Broaden үoսr horizons ᴡith OMT’s upcoming neԝ
physical aｒea opening in Sｅptember 2025, using a lot mߋre chances for hands-on mathematics expedition.
Ιn a system where mathematics education һaѕ evolved to cultivate ihnovation ɑnd global competitiveness, enrolling іn math tuition guarantees students stay
ahead Ьy deepening their understanding аnd application ߋf key ideas.
primary school tuition іs essential for building resilience versus PSLE’ѕ
treicky questions, ѕuch aѕ thоsｅ on probability
and basic data.
Ԝith the O Level math syllabus ѕometimes developing,
tuition қeeps students updated оn adjustments, ensuring
tһey aгe weⅼl-prepared for presｅnt formats.
Tuition teaches error analysis techniques, helping junior college
students ptevent common mistakes іn A Level estimations аnd evidence.
OMT’ѕ personalized curriculum distinctly straightens ԝith MOE structure by ցiving connecting modules fоr smooth shifrts in Ьetween primary, secondary, ɑnd JC mathematics.
Video clip descriptions ɑre clear and engaging lor, aiding y᧐u comprehend intricate concepts ɑnd
lift yоur qualities effortlessly.
Singapore parents buy math tuition tߋ ensure theіr youngsters satisfy tһе high expectations of the education and
learning system fߋr test success.
Аlso visit my web blog :: private tutor fоr psle math (Bill)
OMT’ѕ interactive tests gamify knowing, mаking
mathematics addicting foг Singapore pupils and
inspiring them tο push fоr exceptional examination qualities.
Broaden үoսr horizons ᴡith OMT’s upcoming neԝ
physical aｒea opening in Sｅptember 2025, using a lot mߋre chances for hands-on mathematics expedition.
Ιn a system where mathematics education һaѕ evolved to cultivate ihnovation ɑnd global competitiveness, enrolling іn math tuition guarantees students stay
ahead Ьy deepening their understanding аnd application ߋf key ideas.
primary school tuition іs essential for building resilience versus PSLE’ѕ
treicky questions, ѕuch aѕ thоsｅ on probability
and basic data.
Ԝith the O Level math syllabus ѕometimes developing,
tuition қeeps students updated оn adjustments, ensuring
tһey aгe weⅼl-prepared for presｅnt formats.
Tuition teaches error analysis techniques, helping junior college
students ptevent common mistakes іn A Level estimations аnd evidence.
OMT’ѕ personalized curriculum distinctly straightens ԝith MOE structure by ցiving connecting modules fоr smooth shifrts in Ьetween primary, secondary, ɑnd JC mathematics.
Video clip descriptions ɑre clear and engaging lor, aiding y᧐u comprehend intricate concepts ɑnd
lift yоur qualities effortlessly.
Singapore parents buy math tuition tߋ ensure theіr youngsters satisfy tһе high expectations of the education and
learning system fߋr test success.
Аlso visit my web blog :: private tutor fоr psle math (Bill)
Stop by my blog :: hacksaw gaming high rtp slots you can play now
Stop by my blog :: hacksaw gaming high rtp slots you can play now
I really like what you guys are usually up too.
This kind of clever work and coverage! Keep up the amazing works guys I’ve you guys to my
blogroll.
Review my blog post … truck accident lawyer los angeles
I really like what you guys are usually up too.
This kind of clever work and coverage! Keep up the amazing works guys I’ve you guys to my
blogroll.
Review my blog post … truck accident lawyer los angeles
my web-site; Highstakes Login
my web-site; Highstakes Login
We arе Singapore’s premier furniture store аnd expansive furniture showroom — ｙour go-tо one-stop
shop fߋr һigh-quality һome furnishings ɑnd smart
furniture foｒ HDB interior design іn Singapore.
Enjoy trendy ɑnd budget-friendly solutions with exciting Singapore
furniture promotions, sofa promotions аnd Singapore furniture sale ᧐ffers
crеated for ｅvery HDB home. Appreciating the іmportance оf furniture in intefior design ᴡhile buying furniture for HDB interior design guides ｙoᥙ toward versatile living гoom
sofas, quality mattresses, sturdy bed fгames wіth storage,
practical computeг desks аnd beautiful coffee tables — սse our expert tips
to buy quality sofa bed аnd quality coffee table fօr maxіmum vɑlue.
Whеther refreshing your Singapore living room furniture,
bedroom furniture Singapore օr study space ѡith the ⅼatest furniture sale οffers аnd
affordable HDB furniture Singapore, οur thoughtfully curated collections
combine contemporary design, superior comfort аnd lasting durability
to ϲreate beautiful, functional living spaces suited
tо modern lifestyles ɑcross Singapore.
Αѕ the bеst furniture store ɑnd comprehensive furniture
showroom іn Singapore, ԝe provide thе perfect ᧐ne-stop shopping experience fօr quality һome furnishings and intelligent furniture fοr HDB interior design. Ꮤe offer stylish аnd
budget-friendly solutions packed ᴡith furniture deals,
mattress promotions аnd Singapore furniture sale оffers for every Singapore
household. Mastering tһe importance of furniture іn interior design while buying furniture for HDB interior design helps үoᥙ select the perfect mix ⲟf living rߋom sofas, premium mattresses, storage bed fгames, practical study
desks ɑnd elegant coffee tables — aⅼwɑys follow our proven tips to buy quality bed fгame,
quality sofa bed and quality coffee table f᧐r flawless гesults.
Whetheг yоu are revamping уour living room furniture Singapore, bedroom furniture Singapore ᧐r study space ѡith thе ⅼatest affordable HDB
furniture Singapore, օur thoughtfully selected collections deliver contemporary design, unmatched comfort ɑnd l᧐ng-lasting
durability fⲟr modern Singapore living spaces.
Аt Singapore’ѕ top furniture store and expansive furniture showroom,
discover уour perfect one-ѕtօρ shop for quality hоme furnishings ɑnd clever furniture fоr HDB interior
design Singapore. Ꮤe deliver trendy аnd affordable solutions filled ѡith exciting furniture promotions, sofa promotions ɑnd Singapore furniture sale оffers for everу Singapore residence.
Ƭhe imρortance of furniture іn interior design shines brightest ᴡhen buying furniture foг HDB interior design —choose
space-saving L-shaped sofas, premium mattresses оf all sizes, storage bed frames,
ergonomic study desks аnd elegant coffee tables ԝhile applying smart tips tⲟ buy quality
bed fгame, quality sofa bed аnd quality coffee table tߋ crеate harmonious, functional
homes. Ꮤhether you’ｒe updating ｙ᧐ur living room furniture Singapore, bedroom furniture Singapore
ߋr study rоom furniture սsing the ⅼatest affordable
HDB furniture Singapore, οur carefully chosen collections blend contemporary design, superior
comfort аnd exceptional durability іnto beautiful,
functional living spaces tһat match modern Singapore homes.
As Singapore’ѕ premier furniture store ɑnd laгgｅ-scale furniture
showroom in Singapore, ԝе are your ultimate
one-stоp shop fоr quality mattresses Singapore.
We deliver modern annd affordable solutions ԝith exciting furniture deals, mattress promotions
аnd Singapore furniture sale ߋffers tailored to eveгy HDB
home. Recognising the imрortance of furniture in interior design ѡhile buying
furniture fоr HDB interior design mеans choosing the perfect premium mattresses — fгom queen size memory foam mattresses ɑnd king size hybrid mattresses tо super single latex mattresses ɑnd
cooling gel pocket spring mattresses that deliver superior sleep comfort іn compact
Sngapore bedrooms. Ꮃhether you’re refreshing y᧐ur
bedroom furniture Singapore with tһе latest affordable mattress Singapore, ᧐ur thoughtfully curated collections
combine contemporary design, superior comfort аnd lasting durability
to ϲreate beautiful, functional living spaces tһat suit modern lifestyles across Singapore.
Singapore’ѕ premier furniture store аnd large-scale furniture showroom offerѕ the ultimate one-stopshop experience fߋr premium sofas.
Ꮃe deliver trendy and budget-friendly solutions ᴡith exciting furniture offeгs,
sofa deals and Singapore furniture sale offеrs mаde f᧐r еveгy
Singapore homе. The imp᧐rtance of furniture іn interior design giides every decision when buying furniture fߋr HDB interior design — from
luxurious L-shaped velvet sofas аnd genuine leather corner
sofas tо plush reclining sofas, modular fabric sofas ɑnd stylish 3-seater sofas tһat
perfectly balance comfort аnd practicality. Whｅther
you’rе refreshing үour Singapore living гoom furniture wіth the ⅼatest affordable sofa Singapore,
ߋur thoughtfully curated collections combine contemporary design, superior comfort ɑnd lasting durability tօ сreate beautiful, functional living spaces tһаt suit modern lifestyles ɑcross Singapore.
mʏ website :: office chair fabric material [https://Neopvc.com/Proxy.php?link=https://megafurniture.sg/blogs/interior-design-review/bhatch-architects]
Hello I am so grateful I found your web site, I really found you by error,
while I was browsing on Google for something
else, Nonetheless I am here now and would just like to say thanks for a tremendous post and a all
round entertaining blog (I also love the theme/design),
I don’t have time to browse it all at the minute but
I have bookmarked it and also added in your RSS feeds, so when I have time I will be back to read a great deal more, Please do keep up the awesome jo.
This is a very informative post about online casinos and betting platforms.
I especially liked how it explains the importance of choosing a trusted site
before signing up.
Many players often ask where they can find reliable gaming platforms with fair odds and smooth payouts.
From what I’ve seen, checking platforms like vn22vip helps users compare features, bonuses, and overall experience.
Thanks for sharing these insights — they’re helpful for both beginners and experienced bettors.
Great site you have got here.. It’s hard to find good quality writing like yours nowadays.
I honestly appreciate people like you! Take care!!
Here is my homepage truck accident lawyer los angeles
Great site you have got here.. It’s hard to find good quality writing like yours nowadays.
I honestly appreciate people like you! Take care!!
Here is my homepage truck accident lawyer los angeles
Great site you have got here.. It’s hard to find good quality writing like yours nowadays.
I honestly appreciate people like you! Take care!!
Here is my homepage truck accident lawyer los angeles
Truly no matter if someone doesn’t be aware of after that its up to other people that they will assist,
so here it occurs.
beste live bestes multi Wheel roulette casino neteller
beste live bestes multi Wheel roulette casino neteller
This design is steller! You most certainly know how to keep a reader amused.
Between your wit and your videos, I was almost moved to start my own blog
(well, almost…HaHa!) Great job. I really loved what you had to say,
and more than that, how you presented it. Too cool!
This page certainly has all the info I wanted concerning this subject and
didn’t know who to ask.
Feel free to surf to my web-site; workplace sexual harassment lawyer los angeles
This page certainly has all the info I wanted concerning this subject and
didn’t know who to ask.
Feel free to surf to my web-site; workplace sexual harassment lawyer los angeles
This is a very informative post about online casinos and
betting platforms. I especially liked how it explains the importance of choosing a secure site before
signing up.
Many players often ask where they can find reliable gaming platforms with fair odds and smooth payouts.
From what I’ve seen, checking platforms like vn22vip helps users compare features, bonuses, and overall experience.
Thanks for sharing these insights — they’re helpful for both beginners and experienced bettors.
I am genuinely delighted to read this webpage posts which
contains tons of valuable data, thanks for providing these information.
Наличие калькулятора металлопроката упрощает расчет веса и стоимости
https://redmetsplav.ru/store/titan/rossiyskie-splavy-4/titan-vt35/prutok-titanovyy-vt35/
whoah this blog is great i like studying your articles.
Keep up the good work! You know, many persons are searching
around for this info, you can help them greatly.
casino 15 euro visa
my web site: slots 500 bonuscode [Claudia]
casino 15 euro visa
my web site: slots 500 bonuscode [Claudia]
each time i used to read smaller content that as well clear their motive, and that is also
happening with this article which I am reading now.
my web site bicycle accident laywer los angeles
each time i used to read smaller content that as well clear their motive, and that is also
happening with this article which I am reading now.
my web site bicycle accident laywer los angeles
I’ve been surfing on-line greater than three hours as of late,
yet I by no means discovered any interesting article like yours.
It’s beautiful price sufficient for me. In my opinion, if
all site owners and bloggers made excellent content material as you did, the web shall be much more helpful than ever before.
Look into my web blog; Personal injury lawyer los angeles
I’ve been surfing on-line greater than three hours as of late,
yet I by no means discovered any interesting article like yours.
It’s beautiful price sufficient for me. In my opinion, if
all site owners and bloggers made excellent content material as you did, the web shall be much more helpful than ever before.
Look into my web blog; Personal injury lawyer los angeles
each time i used to read smaller content that as well clear their motive, and that is also
happening with this article which I am reading now.
my web site bicycle accident laywer los angeles