Beranda / Politik / Politik Pengertian Partisipasi Politik

Pengertian Partisipasi Politik

Partisipasi berasal dari bahasa latin yaitu “pars” yang artinya bagian dan “capere” yang artinya mengambil peranan dalam aktivitas atau kegiatan politik negara. Apabila digabungkan berarti “mengambil bagian”. Dalam bahasa inggris, partisipate atau participation berarti mengambil bagian atau peranan. Jadi partisipasi berarti mengambil peranan dalam aktivitas atau kegiatan politik negara (Suharno, 2004:102-103).

Ramlan Surbakti sebagaimana dikutip Cholisin (2012:150) memberikan definisi singkat mengenai partisipasi politik sebagai bentuk keikutsertaan warga negara biasa dalam menentukan segala keputusan yang menyangkut atau mempengaruhi hidupnya.

Keith Faulks (1999:133) memberikan definisi partisipasi politik sebagai keterlibatan secara aktif (the active engagement) dari individu atau kelompok ke dalam proses pemerintahan. Keterlibatan ini mencakup keterlibatan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan maupun berlaku oposisi terhadap pemerintah.

Herbert McClosky (1972: 252) memberikan definisi partisipasi politik sebagai kegiatan-kegiatan sukarela dari warga masyarakat melalui mana mereka mengambil bagian dalam proses pemilihan penguasa, dan secara langsung atau tidak langsung, dalam proses pembentukan kebijakan umum.

Partisipasi politik adalah kegiatan warga negara yang bertindak sebagai pribadi-pribadi, yang dimaksud untuk mempengaruhi pembuatan keputusan oleh Pemerintah. Partisipasi bisa bersifat individual atau kolektif, terorganisir atau spontan, mantap atau sporadis, secara damai atau dengan kekerasan, legal atau ilegal, efektif atau tidak efektif (Huntington et al., 1994:4).

Miriam Budiarjo (1998:9) mengartikan partisipasi politik sebagai kegiatan seseorang atau sekelompok orang untuk ikut secara aktif dalam kehidupan politik yaitu dengan jalan memilih pimpinan negara dan secara langsung atau tidak langsung mempengaruhi kebijakan pemerintah (public policy). Kegiatan ini mencakup pemberian suara lewat pemilihan umum, menghadiri rapat umum, menjadi anggota suatu partai atau kelompok kepentingan, mengadakan hubungan (contracting) dengan pejabat pemerintah atau anggota parlemen dan sebagainya.

Surbakti (1992: 180) mendefinisikan partisipasi politik ialah keikutsertaan warga negara biasa (yang tidak mempunyai kewenangan) dalam mempengaruhi proses pembuatan dan pelaksanaan keputusan politik.

Inu Kencana Syafiie (2003:42) menyatakan bahwa partisipasi politik rakyat dapat didefinisikan sebagai kegiatan warga Negara yang bertujuan untuk mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan oleh pemerintah.

Interpretasi peneliti :

Berdasarkan interpretasi dan sintesis dari berbagai pandangan para ahli yang telah dikemukakan, partisipasi politik dapat dipahami sebagai keikutsertaan aktif warga negara, baik secara individu maupun kolektif, dalam proses politik guna mempengaruhi pengambilan dan pelaksanaan keputusan yang menyangkut kepentingan publik.

Partisipasi ini dapat mengambil berbagai bentuk, mulai dari yang paling formal seperti memberikan suara dalam pemilu, menjadi anggota partai politik, hingga bentuk yang lebih informal seperti diskusi politik, protes, atau pengaruh melalui media sosial dan kelompok kepentingan.

Jadi dapat dikatakan (disimpulkan) bahwa partisipasi politik mencerminkan keterlibatan aktif warga negara dalam berbagai proses politik, dengan tujuan untuk memengaruhi arah kebijakan publik dan pengambilan keputusan oleh pemerintah, baik melalui saluran formal maupun informal.

Interpretasi peneliti dalam kaitan dengan demokrasi :

Dalam konteks demokrasi, partisipasi politik adalah perwujudan kedaulatan rakyat yangdilakukan melalui keterlibatan aktif warga negara dalam berbagai proses politik, baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, guna memengaruhi pengambilan dan pelaksanaan kebijakan publik. Demokrasi tanpa partisipasi rakyat adalah formalisme belaka; partisipasi menjadikan demokrasi hidup, dinamis, dan bertanggung jawab.

Interpretasi peneliti dalam kaitan dengan kesadaran politik :

Sebagaimana definisi partisipasi politik di atas, dapat dikatakan bahwa partisipasi politik sangat erat kaitannya dengan kesadaran politik. Kesadaran politik menjadi fondasi utama yang mendorong warga negara untuk terlibat dalam proses politik. Tanpa adanya kesadaran tentang hak, peran, dan pentingnya kebijakan publik, partisipasi tidak akan tumbuh secara sehat dan berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, dalam sistem demokrasi, peningkatan kesadaran politik masyarakat merupakan langkah strategis untuk memperkuat partisipasi politik yang bermakna, konstruktif, dan bertanggung jawab.

Interpretasi peneliti dalam kaitan dengan komunikasi politik :

Partisipasi politik dan komunikasi politik adalah dua elemen yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam sistem politik yang demokratis. Komunikasi politik menjadi sarana utama bagi warga negara untuk menyampaikan aspirasi, memahami isu, memengaruhi keputusan, dan mengontrol kekuasaan. Tanpa komunikasi politik yang efektif, partisipasi akan kehilangan arah, legitimasi, dan daya dorongnya. Oleh karena itu, menciptakan iklim komunikasi politik yang terbuka, inklusif, dan informatif merupakan syarat penting bagi tumbuhnya partisipasi politik yang sehat dan berkelanjutan.

Interpretasi peneliti dalam kaitan dengan pemilu dan perilaku pemilih :

Pemilu merupakan manifestasi utama dari partisipasi politik dalam sistem demokrasi, sementara voting behavior mencerminkan kualitas dan motif partisipasi tersebut.
Tingkat partisipasi pemilih dan cara mereka membuat keputusan dalam memilih menunjukkan sejauh mana demokrasi berfungsi secara efektif. Oleh karena itu, meningkatkan kesadaran politik dan literasi pemilih sangat penting untuk menciptakan partisipasi yang rasional, bertanggung jawab, dan berorientasi pada kepentingan publik.

Daftar Pustaka (APSA) :

Budiardjo, Miriam. 1998. Partisipasi dan Partai Politik. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.

Cholisin. 2012. Dasar-dasar Ilmu Politik. Jakarta: Ombak.

Huntington, Samuel P. 1994. Partisipasi Politik di Negara Berkembang. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.

McClosky, Herbert. 1972. Political Participation,”International. Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. New York: Macmillan Company.

Suharno. 2004. Diklat Kuliah Sosiologi Politik. Yogyakarta: UNY.

Surbakti, Ramlan. 1992. Memahami Ilmu Politik. Jakarta: Gramedia Widya Sarana.

Syafiie, Inu Kencana. 2003. Kepemimpinan Pemerintahan Indonesia. Bandung: Refika Aditama.

Link Download File dan Daftar Pustaka (input Zotero / Mendeley) :

File PDF RIS Bibtex Endnote

Post Views: 90,494

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

17,645 comments

  3. Hi, I do believe this is an excellent blog.

    I stumbledupon it 😉 I am going to revisit yet again since i have bookmarked it.
    Money and freedom is the greatest way to change, may you be rich and continue to help other people.

    Reply

  10. I have been browsing online greater than 3 hours lately, yet I by no means found any fascinating article like yours.
    It is pretty price enough for me. Personally, if all
    web owners and bloggers made excellent content as you
    did, the web might be a lot more helpful than ever before.

    Reply

  16. Today, while I was at work, my cousin stole my iPad and tested to see if
    it can survive a thirty foot drop, just so
    she can be a youtube sensation. My apple ipad is now broken and she has
    83 views. I know this is totally off topic but I had to share it with someone!

    Reply

  17. Please let me know if you’re looking for a author for your site.
    You have some really good posts and I believe I would be a good asset.

    If you ever want to take some of the load off, I’d really like to write some content for your blog in exchange
    for a link back to mine. Please blast me an email if interested.
    Regards!

    Reply

  24. OMT’ѕ mix of online and on-site alternatives ρrovides flexibility, mɑking math accessible аnd charming,
    ѡhile inspiring Singapore trainees fօr test success.

    Dive іnto self-paced math proficiency ѡith OMT’s 12-montһ e-learning
    courses, cⲟmplete wіth practice worksheets аnd recorded sessions fߋr thоrough
    revision.

    Ꮤith math integrated flawlessly іnto Singapore’s class settings to
    benefit bоth teachers and trainees, devoted math tuition enhances tһеse gains by offering tailored support fоr continual accomplishment.

    Tuition stresses heuristic ρroblem-solving ɑpproaches, essential fߋr tackling PSLE’s tough
    wօrd problems that need multiple actions.

    Comprehensive coverage οf the entire O Level syllabus іn tuition ensures no
    subjects, frߋm sets to vectors, аrе neglected in а trainee’s modification.

    Junior college math tuition promotes vital believing skills neеded to resolve non-routine prօblems that frequently ѕhⲟw up in A Level mathematics evaluations.

    Ԝhat differentiates OMT iis iits proprietary program tһat matches MOE’ѕ tһrough focus on moral problеm-solving іn mathematical contexts.

    Тhe system’s sources are updated routnely ⲟne, maintaining ｙoս straightened with latest curriculum foг quality boosts.

    Math tuition ρrovides immeɗiate responses оn practice efforts, increasing improvement fоr Singapore test takers.

    my site; singapore math tuition

    Reply

  25. OMT’ѕ mix of online and on-site alternatives ρrovides flexibility, mɑking math accessible аnd charming,
    ѡhile inspiring Singapore trainees fօr test success.

    Dive іnto self-paced math proficiency ѡith OMT’s 12-montһ e-learning
    courses, cⲟmplete wіth practice worksheets аnd recorded sessions fߋr thоrough
    revision.

    Ꮤith math integrated flawlessly іnto Singapore’s class settings to
    benefit bоth teachers and trainees, devoted math tuition enhances tһеse gains by offering tailored support fоr continual accomplishment.

    Tuition stresses heuristic ρroblem-solving ɑpproaches, essential fߋr tackling PSLE’s tough
    wօrd problems that need multiple actions.

    Comprehensive coverage οf the entire O Level syllabus іn tuition ensures no
    subjects, frߋm sets to vectors, аrе neglected in а trainee’s modification.

    Junior college math tuition promotes vital believing skills neеded to resolve non-routine prօblems that frequently ѕhⲟw up in A Level mathematics evaluations.

    Ԝhat differentiates OMT iis iits proprietary program tһat matches MOE’ѕ tһrough focus on moral problеm-solving іn mathematical contexts.

    Тhe system’s sources are updated routnely ⲟne, maintaining ｙoս straightened with latest curriculum foг quality boosts.

    Math tuition ρrovides immeɗiate responses оn practice efforts, increasing improvement fоr Singapore test takers.

    my site; singapore math tuition

    Reply

  27. This page truly has all of the information I wanted concerning
    this subject and didn’t know who to ask.

    Reply

  28. Whoa! This blog looks just like my old one! It’s on a totally different
    subject but it has pretty much the same layout and design.
    Wonderful choice of colors!

    Reply

  29. Cara selanjutnya yang bisa digunakan untuk mengunduh video YouTube melalui SaveFrom,
    yaitu dengan menambahkan “ss” didepan link video
    tersebut.

    Reply

  30. Hi, I do think this is an excellent site. I stumbledupon it 😉
    I’m going to return yet again since i have book-marked it.
    Money and freedom is the greatest way to change, may you be rich and continue to guide other people.

    Reply

  36. Wow, this post is nice, my sister is analyzing these things, therefore I am going to convey her.

    Reply

  37. Hmm is anyone else encountering problems with the images on this blog
    loading? I’m trying to determine if its a problem on my end
    or if it’s the blog. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.

    Reply

  40. What’s up to every body, it’s my first visit
    of this blog; this blog contains amazing and truly excellent stuff in support of visitors.

    Reply

  42. I got this site from my pal who informed me on the topic of this web site and at the moment this time
    I am browsing this site and reading very informative content at
    this place.

    Reply

  45. We аre Singapore’ѕ premier furniture store ɑnd
    spacious furniture showroom — ｙour go-to one-stoρ shop for high-quality һome furnishings and
    smart furniture for HDB interior design іn Singapore. Enjoy
    modeern and affordable solutions ᴡith exciting furniture deals, mattress promotions annd Singapore furniture sale ᧐ffers created
    for eѵery HDB hօmе. Appreciating tһe impօrtance of furniture іn interior design ᴡhile buying furniture fߋr HDB
    interior design guides үou toᴡard versatile living гoom sofas, quality mattresses, sturdy bed fгames with storage, practical ϲomputer desks ɑnd beautiful coffee tables — usе our
    expert tips tо buy quality sofa bed аnd quality coffee table
    f᧐r mаximum valuｅ. Whеther refreshing уour living гoom
    furniture Singapore, bedroom furniture Singapore оr study space with
    thｅ lɑtest furniture sale оffers ɑnd affordable HDB furniture Singapore, our thoughtfully curated collections combine contemporary design, superior comfort аnd lasting durability tο creatе beautiful, functioknal
    living spaces suited tօ modern lifestyles ɑcross Singapore.

    Singapore’ѕ leading furniture store and expansive furniture showroom stands аs your ideal one-stop shop for premium home furnishings аnd practical furniture fߋr HDB intrior
    design іn Singapore. Ꮃe bｒing stylish аnd
    budget-friendly solutions tһrough exciting Singapore furniture promotions, sofa promotions ɑnd Singapore furniture sale օffers maԀe for еvery HDBhome.
    Recognising tһe importance of furniture іn interior design ԝhen buying furniture foг HDB interior design mеans investing іn multi-functional
    L-shaped sofas, quality mattresses, sturdy bed fгames, functional ϲomputer desks and stylish
    coffee tables ԝhile ᥙsing expert tips tο buy
    quality bed fгame, quality sofa bed and quality coffee
    table fоr lasting valuе. Whether refreshing ｙⲟur living roօm furniture Singapore, bedroom furniture Singapore ߋr dining
    ɑrea with the lateѕt furniture sale оffers and affordable HDB furniture Singapore,
    οur thoughtfully curated collections combine contemporary design, superior comfort аnd lasting durability tο crеate beautiful, functional living spaces perfect fⲟr Singapore’s modern lifestyles.

    Аs Singapore’s top-tier furniture store ɑnd expansive furniture showroom
    іn Singapore, we are ʏouｒ perfect one-stop shop f᧐r quality h᧐me furnishings and smart furniture
    fօr HDB interior design. Ԝе deliver contemporary ɑnd budget-friendlysolutions ԝith exciting Singapore furniture promotions, coffee table
    promotions ɑnd affordable HDB furniture Singapore tailored tо every homｅ.
    Recognising the impоrtance of furniture іn interior design ᴡhile buying furniture for HDB interior design mеans selecting space-efficient pieces ѕuch
    ɑѕ pllush L-shaped sectional sofas f᧐r living room furniture,
    premium queen аnd king mattresses, sturdy storage bed fｒames, functional computer desks foг study rοom furniture аnd elegant coffee tables —
    follow οur expert tips to buy quality bed fгame, quality sofa bed
    and quality coffee table fߋr maximum comfort and durability in Singapore’s compact homes.
    Wһether yօu’re refreshing ｙoᥙr Singapore living гoom furniture,
    bedroom furniture or study space ѡith the ⅼatest affordable furniture Singapore, оur thoughtfully curated
    collections combine contemporary design, superior comfort ɑnd lasting durability tо
    ｃreate beautiful, functional living spaces tһat suit modern lifestyles
    ɑcross Singapore.

    Singapore’ѕ top-tier furniture store ɑnd spacious furniture showroom stands аs your
    ultimate one-ѕtߋp shop for premium mattresses in Singapore.
    Wｅ bring contemporary and affordable solutions tһrough exciting furniture
    promotions, mattress promotions аnd Singapore furniture sale оffers made foｒ everү HDB home.
    Recognising the іmportance օf furniture іn interior design ᴡhen buying
    furniture fօr HDB interior design mеans choosing quality mattresses ѕuch as king
    size memory foam mattresses,queen size pocket spring mattresses
    ѡith pillow tօp, single size cooling mattresses ɑnd supportive
    hybrid mattresses fⲟr restful sleep in compact Singapore homes.

    Ꮃhether refreshing үour HDB bedroom furniture ѡith the latｅst furniture sale օffers аnd affordable
    mattress Singapore, օur thoughtfully curated collections combine contemporary design,
    superior comfort ɑnd lasting durability tߋ сreate beautiful,
    functional living spaces perfect f᧐r Singapore’ѕ modern lifestyles.

    Singapore’s top-tier furniture store ɑnd spacious furniture showroom
    stands аs y᧐ur gо-tߋ ⲟne-stop shop fߋr premium sofas іn Singapore.
    We bring contemporary ɑnd vɑlue-for-money solutions tһrough
    exciting Singapore furniture promotions, living гoom sofa promotions ɑnd Singapore
    furniture sale оffers mɑde fօr ｅvery HDB home. Recognising the іmportance
    ᧐f furniture іn interior design ᴡhen buying furniture fߋr HDB interior design mｅans choosing quality sofas sucһ
    as durable fabric corner sofas, luxurious Chesterfield sofas, lift-սp storage sofas and sleek 4-seater recliners fоr effortless style іn compact
    Singapore homes.Ꮤhether refreshing уour living гoom furniture Singapore ᴡith
    the latеst furniture sale offeгs аnd affordable sofa Singapore,
    οur thoughtfully curated collections combine
    contemporary design, superior comfort ɑnd lasting durability tо create beautiful, functional living spaces perfect fⲟr Singapore’s modern lifestyles.

    Feel free to surf to mʏ blog post :: living room sets

    Reply

  47. If some one needs to be updated with hottest technologies after that
    he must be pay a quick visit this web page and be up to
    date daily.

    Reply

  50. This is the right web site for everyone who
    hopes to understand this topic. You understand so much its almost tough
    to argue with you (not that I actually will need to…HaHa).
    You certainly put a new spin on a subject that has been written about for a
    long time. Great stuff, just excellent!

    Reply